Uphononongo oluManyeneyo lutyhila iChemistry yoMhlaba enempembelelo kakhulu kwiiCompounds zeBioactive kwiCannabis
Uphononongo olutsha oluxhaswa ngemali ngumanyano lubonisa ukuba iikhompawundi ze-bioactive kwizityalo ze-cannabis zichaphazeleka kakhulu kukwakheka kweekhemikhali zomhlaba apho zikhule khona.
Abaphandi bathi kwiphepha lamva nje elipapashwe kwijenali yesayensi ephononongwe ngoontanga * Ijenali yezityalo ezisebenzayo *: "Iziphumo zolu phononongo zinika abalimi bangaphandle ulwazi malunga nendlela impilo yomhlaba echaphazela ngayo umxholo we-cannabinoid kunye ne-terpene kwi-cannabis. Umgangatho ombi womhlaba ubonakala ukhokelela kumxholo ophezulu we-THC, ngelixa umgangatho ophezulu womhlaba unokukhokelela kumanqanaba okwanda kwe-cannabinoid ye-CBG."
Oku kufunyaniswe kucebisa ukuba abalimi banokukwazi ukulungisa isityalo se-cannabinoids hayi kuphela ngemfuza kodwa nangeemeko zomhlaba kunye nolawulo.
Uphononongo lukhokelwa liSebe lezoLimo lase-US (i-USDA) iZiko leSizwe lokuTya kunye nezoLimo kwaye lixhaswa ngemali yi-Penn State College of Medicine kunye nenkampani ye-cannabis ye-cannabis yonyango ye-PA Options for Wellness.
Abaphandi bajonge ukuthelekisa imihlanganiselwa emibini ye-cannabis, 'iTangerine' kunye ne-'CBD Stem Cell', ekhuliswe kwisityalo sokugquma (CC) kunye namasimi okulima okuqhelekileyo (CF), ngokulandelelanayo. Ababhali bophononongo babhale: “Olu phando lujolise ngokukodwa kwinkalo yokulima impilo yomhlaba, ukuzama ukuthelekisa ezi ntlobo zimbini zentsimi.
"Ngokuthelekisa izicatshulwa zemihlanganisela emibini eyahlukeneyo ye-cannabis ekhuliswe kumhlaba weCC kunye neCF, uphononongo lufumene umahluko omkhulu ekugxininiseni kwee-cannabinoids kunye ne-terpenes."
Isiqulatho se-cannabidiol (CBD) kumhlanganisela we-'Tangerine' okhuliswe kumhlaba wesiqhelo ubumalunga ne-1.5 ngokuphindwe kabini kunowo 'CBD Stem Cell' okhuliswe kumhlaba wesityalo sokugquma; nangona kunjalo, okwahlukileyo kwakuyinyaniso kumhlanganisela we-'CBD Stem Cell' – umxholo wayo we-CBD uphindaphindeke kabini kwintsimi yesityalo sokugquma. Ngaphaya koko, kwintsimi yesityalo esisigqubuthelo, umxholo we-CBG we-cannabinoid wawuphindwe ngama-3.7 ngaphezulu, ngelixa i-primary psychoactive compound kwi-cannabis, i-THC, yayiphindwe ngamaxesha angama-6 kwintsimi ekhutshiweyo.
"Enyanisweni, impilo yomhlaba kufuneka igxile kungekuphela nje kwizinto ezingaphiliyo zomhlaba kodwa nakwiempawu zebhayoloji kunye namandla awo okuxhasa ubomi bezityalo."
Izazinzulu zagqiba ngelithi: "Umahluko omkhulu kumxholo we-cannabinoid wabonwa phakathi kweentlobo zentsimi kunye nemihlanganisela, ngakumbi kumanqanaba e-cannabidiol (CBD)."
Ababhali baqaphele ukuba amanqanaba e-cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) ayengaphezulu ngokuphindwe kathandathu ngaphezulu kwe-cannabis ekhuliswe kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulima. Eli phepha lathi: “Kwisicatshulwa seCC somhlanganisela we-'Tangerine', umxholo we-CBD wawuphezulu ngokuphindwe nge-2.2 kune-CF isicatshulwa somhlanganisela we-'CBD Stem Cell'; kwisicatshulwa seCC somhlanganisela we-'CBD Stem Cell', umxholo we-cannabigerol (CBG) wawuphezulu ngokuphindwe nge-3.7; kwaye kwi-cultivarTangerine, isicatshulwa se-'CBD Stem Cell' Umxholo we-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) wawungamaxesha angama-6 ngaphezulu.
Impilo yomhlaba ibhekiselele kwimekobume yokukhula kwezityalo. Izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni zinokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kwee-cannabinoids kunye ne-terpenes ezisetyenziswa zizityalo ukukhusela, unxibelelwano kunye nokhuphiswano.
Umhlaba ngokwawo yi-ecosystem eyenziwe ngamagciwane, umngundo, iiminerali, kunye nezinto eziphilayo, ezibonelela ngezondlo kunye nokunxibelelana neengcambu zezityalo. Izenzo ezifana nokulinywa kwezityalo ezigqunyiweyo kunye nokungaphethuli umhlaba zaziwa kakhulu ngokwandisa uthungelwano lwebhayoloji nokuphucula ugcino lwekhabhoni kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisikile yezondlo. Olu phononongo olutsha longeza isiphumo semichiza yesityalo kuluhlu lwezinto ezinokuphenjelelwa ngumhlaba.
Ke ngoko, ngaphandle kokwahluka kwemfuza phakathi kwemihlanganisela ye-cannabis, amasimi ezityalo zokugquma anokunceda ukunciphisa umahluko kumxholo we-terpene. Ezi ziphumo zikwacebisa intsebenziswano ebalulekileyo phakathi kofuzo lwemihlanganisela ye-cannabis kunye nefuthe labo ekufumaneni izondlo zomhlaba…
Kwangaxeshanye, ababhali balumkise ukuba uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukumisela "amanqanaba e-enzymes anoxanduva lokuguqula i-CBG kwi-CBD, iTHC, kunye ne-CBC," enokubonelela ngezikhokelo zokuba kutheni amanqanaba e-CBG ephezulu kumasimi ezityalo zokusiva.
Ababhali bathi: "Xa kuxoxwa nge-biosynthesis yezi khompawundi, uphononongo luchaza izandulela ekwabelwana ngazo phakathi kwe-cannabinoids kunye ne-terpenoids, kunye nobungqina bokwahluka kofuzo kwi-enzyme ethile synthases ye-cannabinoids kunye ne-terpenoids."
Eli phepha lathi: “Olu luphononongo lokuqala ngomahluko kwindlela eyenziwe ngayo intsangu yangaphandle ekhuliswa phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba.”
Lo mkhwa uza njengoko ingqalelo igxila ngakumbi kwezona ndlela zilungileyo zokulima i-cannabis. Kwangoko kulo nyaka, umlimi we-hemp kwimizi-mveliso ucebise ukuba ukwandiswa kwekhonkco lokubonelela nge-hemp yaseMzantsi Dakota kuya kutsala amashishini amancinci okuqhuba kunye nawokwenza kurhulumente kwaye anokuthi alandele ngokufanelekileyo igesi ye-greenhouse carbon dioxide emoyeni.
Okwangoku, izazinzulu zenza uphando olungakumbi ukuphonononga iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo ezimangalisayo ze-cannabis. Ngokomzekelo, abaphandi baye, okwesihlandlo sokuqala, benza uphando olubanzi olukhokelwa yinzwa yekhompawundi ezivumbayo kwiintyatyambo ezomisiweyo ze-cannabis, bafumanisa uninzi lweekhemikhali ezazingaziwa ngaphambili ezenza ivumba elikhethekileyo lesityalo. Ezi ziphumo zitsha zandisa ukuqonda kwesayensi kwisityalo se-cannabis ngaphaya kolwazi oluqhelekileyo lwe-terpenes, i-CBD, kunye ne-THC.
Ngokwamaphepha amabini amhlophe asanda kupapashwa, olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba i-cannabis isetyenzwa njani emva kokuvunwa-ngokukodwa, indlela yomiswe ngayo ngaphambi kokupakishwa - ichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wemveliso, kubandakanya nokugcinwa kwe-terpenes kunye ne-trichomes.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-10-2025